Who likes the Egyptian Bread ?

Bread made from a simple recipe forms the backbone of Egyptian cuisine. It is consumed at almost all Egyptian meals; a working-class or rural Egyptian meal might consist of little more than bread and beans.

The local bread is a form of hearty, thick, glutenous pita bread called Eish Masri
In modern Egypt, the government subsidizes bread, dating back to a Nasser-era policy. In 2008, a major food crisis caused ever-longer bread lines at government-subsidized bakeries where there would normally be none; occasional fights broke out over bread, leading to fear of rioting.
Egyptian dissidents and outside observers of the former National Democratic Party regime frequently criticized the bread subsidy as an attempt to buy off the Egyptian urban working classes in order to encourage acceptance of the authoritarian system; nevertheless, the subsidy continued after the 2011 revolution.
A street breakfast in Egypt
On a culinary level, bread is commonly used as Gamosa, a utensil, at the same time providing carbohydrates and protein to the Egyptian diet. Egyptians use bread to scoop up food, sauces, and dips and to wrap kebabs, falafel, and the like in the manner of sandwiches. Most pita breads are baked at high temperatures (450 °F or 232 °C), causing the flattened rounds of dough to puff up dramatically. When removed from the oven, the layers of baked dough remain separated inside the deflated pita, which allows the bread to be opened into pockets, creating a space for use in various dishes.
Aish Merahrah is an Egyptian flat bread made with 5-10% ground fenugreek seeds added to maize flour. It is part of the traditional diet of the Egyptian countryside, prepared locally in village homes. The loaves are flat and wide, and usually about 50 cm in diameter. The maize flour is made into a soft dough that is fermented overnight with the help of a sourdough starter, then shaped into round loaves and allowed to rise or "proof" for 30 minutes before being flattened into round disks, which are then baked. This bread can be kept for days in an airtight container. The addition of fenugreek seeds increases the protein content, storage length and digestibility of the bread; on the other hand, it causes the eater to exude a distinctive odor in his or her sweat, which is occasionally mocked by more urban Egyptians.

Dendera A woman giving birth

A woman giving birth and being helped by Hathor and Taweret (Temple of Hathor, Dendera)

A typical birthing scene would have women reciting incantations to the Seven Hathors who presided over the birth, and who would predict the nature of the child´s death. A child born on the twenty-third of the month would be killed by a crocodile; on the fourth by fever; on the fifth by love. Lucky children were born on the ninth day of the second month of Akhet - they would die of old age. Even luckier were those born on the twenty-ninth day of the same month: they would die ´well-respected´. 
But if the baby were to live at all, and most didn´t survive infancy, it would need to be protected from want and disease; a protection which only material well-being, however modest, could supply

Nefertari The Seven Hathors

The Seven Hathors
In the tomb of Nefertari (Dynasty XIX) and in the Book of the Dead, the Goddess Hathor is depicted as seven cows whose role is to determine the destiny of a child at birth. Each of these different aspects of the Goddess as her own name:
i/   Lady of the universe.
ii/   Sky-storm.
iii/   You from the land of silence.
iv/   You from Khemmis.
v/    Red-hair.
vi/   Bright red.
vii/   Your name flourishes through skill.
Several alternative names for the seven Hathors has been found in papyri concerning Mythology, these are:
i   Lady of the House of Jubliation.
ii + iii   Mistress of the West.
iv + v   Mistress of the East.
vi + vii   Ladies of the sacred land.

Dendera The Eye Of Re

The Eye Of Re
"There came a time when the people began to drift away from the worship of the God. Re, in vengeance, sent his daughter, Hathor, in the form of a lion, to punish mankind. Sent out by Re, in the form of a large all seeing eye, to watch over mankind,
After a time, Re decided that mankind had suffered enough and ordered Hathor to return, she, being sated with blood lust refused. The Sun God ordered a vast quantity of beer to be made, coloured with red ochre, which was then poured into the field where Hathor-Sakhmet lay sleeping. On waking, Hathor seeing the fields reddened with what she thought was blood, began to gorge herself, falling into an intoxicated stupor, Re was able to return her.
To mark the occasion, so that mankind would not forget their narrow escape from annihilation, Re ordered a festival to be held each year in Hathor's honour."
Hathor, was probably the origin of the concept of the 'evil eye'. The Ankh, is thought to have been derived from Hathor's Eye and is a symbol of good luck, keeping fortune dwelling on the inside.
 Hathor was a cow-goddess of ancient origin, as "Mistress of Heaven", she was seen as the celestial cow, whose four legs supported the vault of heaven and her star spangled belly was the sky itself.

Dendera The birth of Osiris

The birth of Osiris
Osiris was born in Thebes in human form and came out of his mother's womb {Nut) goddess of sky on the first day of the epagonamal days 
Osiris was the  Master of everything that came to light
The birth of Osiris was  in Thebes and was in the temples of Karnak  .his birthday was celebrated every year in the temple of his Mother during the Opt festival
According to the myth Osiris was born in Thebes in the first day of the epagonmal days ,hr wr in the second day in Qus  ,Seth in the third day in ombos ,Isis in Dendera and finally Nephtis in in Dios polis
The Birth of  Osiris has been represented in the scenes and inscriptions of one of the rooms of the roof   of the famous Temple of Dandara Osiris was represented in  the fetal position inside his mother's womb like an embryo in the womb of his mother as he prepared to go out into the world ,,,
it is one of the most famous scenes that had to be represented in the festivals celebrating the reincarnation of god Osiris  and everlasting eternity, 

the inscriptions in Dendera temple says 
says the sacred texts in Dandara,,,,
((oh god Osiris .your mother goddess nut is pregnant
she  takes care of the embryo in her womb
she creates your bones and gives you heath and youth
And gives   life to your skin and your members
The gives you the blood to live

It Thbk young people in your own time))
Hence we understand that Osiris renewes his youth and life in such festivals as the first time  he was born from his mother's womb .the sky goddess Nut

Edfu temple and the Sacred Drama of horus

The sacred drama is to be performed during the ritual celebrations in honor of the Triumph of Horus over Seth

It consists of a prologue, three Acts (three parts), and an epilogue:

The Prologue of the Sacred Drama:

Description of the scene
-Isis wears the Sun-disk Crown with cow’s horns and the hieroglyph of Her name is above it; in Her left hand She holds the Ankh (the symbol of Life).
-Horus wears the “Pschent”, the Double Crown; the God holds an harpoon and a rope in His right hand, and the Ankh in His left.
-Thoth wears an Atef Crown with ram’s horns; the God recites from a papyrus.

-On the barque :
Horus wears the “Pschent” Crown, and with the rope in His left hand and the harpoon in His right hand He spears the hippo/Seth.
Isis wears the Sun-disk Crown with cow’s horns, and in Her left hand She holds the Ankh.
Behind Isis there is a representation of Horus-Khenty-Khety (Horus of Kem-Ur/Athribis, the capital of the X nome of Lower Egypt, the Athribite nome)
-the King wears the Hemhemet Crown (the triple Atef Crown), and with His harpoon He pierces the hipp o/Seth.

The pregnant ones among the hippos will give no birth, not one of their heifers conceives when they heard the tearing noise of Thy spear and the hissing voice of Thy blade, like the thunder in the East of Heaven, like a drum in the hands of a child:
Horus, seize him! Horus, seize him!”

THE I ACT:

The First “Act” of the Dramatic Ritual is the “Ritual of the Ten Harpoons”.
It consists of five scenes; in each scene Horus and His boat are represented twice together with His Followers, the Harpooners (“Daimones”, “Divine Spirits” of Horus).
The “Ritual of the Ten Harpoons” celebrates the ten victories of Horus against Seth on Earth, in Egypt, from Upper Egypt (the South) to Lower Egypt (the North), and each scene contains two battles: in the first scene Horus fights and triumphs over Seth in the region of Behdet/Apollinopolis Megale, and in the five and last scene the battle and the victory of Horus are located in the Eastern regions of Lower Egypt (near the border with Asia).

-THE RITUAL OF THE VII HARPOON,

On the boat Horus of Mesen, crowned with the “Pschent” snares the hippo/Seth with the rope, and pierces his testicles with the harpoon (the seventh harpoon). The hippo/Seth is lying on his back. Behind Horus there is the lion-headed Harpooner (a “Daimon”, a “Divine Spirit” of Horus) Whose name is “His speech is Fire”, with an harpoon in His right hand and a knife in His left hand.

-Words of Isis

With the harpoon in one hand you grap his hide, and make use of the rope with the other hand: Your spear has bitten his bones, and I see Your blade in his belly!
You Who are in Heaven and on Earth, fear Horus! You Who are in the NetherWorld, do Him reverence!
He has appeared in glory as a Victorious King Who has conquered the Throne of His father!
The right arm of Horus is like that of the young hunters.
Eat the flesh of the foe, drink his blood, and say to Those Who are in the NetherWorld: He is the God of Letopolis/Sekhemti, He Who slays the enemies of His mother Isis.”

-THE CHANT OF THE ROYAL CHILDREN AND THE EXHORTATIONS OF ISIS

In the large ship:
Horus of Behdet, Great God, Lord of Mesen, crowned with the “Pschent”, snares the hippo/Seth with the two ropes in His left hand, and pierces his snout with the harpoon (the “Three-barbed Harpoon”) in His right.
Isis, in the bow of the ship, snares the hippo/Seth with two ropes.
-On the shore (left) facing the ship:
The King crowned with the Hemhemet Crown (the triple Atef Crown) spears the hippo/Seth in the back of the head with the harpoon.
Behind the King there are two running men, each with an harpoon and a large dagger in the hands. They are called “the Royal Children and Crew of Horus, the Harpooners of the Lord of Mesen, the valorous Harpooners of Horus of Behdet, Who thrust to make an end of His enemies”; They are “Daimones”, the Divine Spirits of Horus.

Words of Isis to Her beloved son Horus:
“He cannot escape from Your grasp, my son Horus!
Take the harpoon, Horus, take the harpoon!
I, I am the Lady of the harpoon!
I am the beautiful and perfect Goddess,
and the loud-screamer Seth is under my power!
Appear on the bank! Make shine Your weapon at the back of the beast of prey (Seth)!
Rip open his skin, cut up his ribs!
Come in, people of Horus, and look at Horus the Victorious One!
I do not forget the night in the marshes, in the times of turmoil!
Horus, seize him! Horus, seize him!”

                                                       -ACCLAMATION TO HORUS, CROWNED AND INVESTED WITH THE REGALIA

Horus of Behdet, Lord of Mesen, standing on a podium (land) and crowned with the “Pschent” spears with the harpoon the head of the hippo/Seth.
-In the large ship:
Thoth, crowned with the Atef Crown with ram’s horns, holds in His left hand the Ankh and a papyrus roll; His right hand is uplifted towards Horus, as a sign of blessing and protection.
Horus of Behdet, crowned with the “Pschent”, holds the sceptre and the flail, the royal insignia.
-On the shore (left) facing the ship:
The Queen, standing on a podium, wears the Cow Horns Crown with two feathers, and rattles a pair of sistra in Her hands.
Behind the Queen there are six women chanting and beating drums in honor of Horus:
the first three in the upper line are the Upper-Egyptian Royal Princesses and the Women of Buto; the three Women in the lower line are the Lower-Egyptian Royal Princesses and the Women of Busiris.

-THE FIRST DISMEMBERING OF SETH,

Description of the scene (from right to left):
Isis wears the Sun-disk Crown with cow’s horns and the hieroglyph of Her name is above it; in Her left hand She holds the Ankh,and with Her right hand the Goddess supports the upraised left arm of Horus.
Horus of Behdet, Lord of Mesen, crowned with the “Pschent”, stands on the back of the hippo/Seth, spearing his forehead with the harpoon.
Facing Isis and Horus there are nine Divinities with a sceptre in Their left hands and the Ankh in Their right (Osiris Onnophris holds the sceptre and the flail, the royal insignia).
In front of each God there is an altar with the portion of the dismembered body of Seth assigned by Horus to the Gods “as a meat-offering” following the instructions of Isis.
The four Gods of the lower register, from right to left are:
Osiris Onnophris the Triumphant
Haroeris
Onuris
Upuaut
The five Gods of the upper register, from right to left are:
Tefnut
Khnum-Haroeris
Khnum
Nephthys
Isis
THE SCENE OF SECOND AND FINAL DISMEMBERING OF SETH, AND THE DECLARATION OF THE TRIUMPH OF HORUS,

Description of the scene (from left to right):
-The King, crowned with the Khepresh, the Blue Crown of War, pours grain from a cup into the open beak of a goose.

-“The Chief Lector, Scribe of the Sacred Books, Imhotep the Great, son of Ptah” wears a leopard skin and recites from a papyrus.
-A man, called “the Butcher of the Majesty of Ra who cuts the hippo” with a knife dismembers the body of the hippo/Seth.

philae and the tomb of osiris

the island of Bigeh (Biggeh, Biga), located just to the south of new Philae and a little to the west of the original island. By the start of the Graeco-Roman Period, this site had come to be viewed as both the tomb of Osiris and the source of the Nile, which was believed to issue from a cavern deep beneath the island. A special sanctuary was built there in ancient times, but the area was prohibited to people and thus became known in Greek as the Abaton, or "forbidden place". According to legend, the left leg of Osiris was buried here after his body had been cut up by his brother Seth. The burial place on Bigeh was said to be surrounded by 365 altars on which the priests laid daily offerings of milk. Although originally of greater religious importance than nearby Philae, Bigeh thus remained outside the normal development cycle of temple building and growth, so it was Philae that was developed instead. The remains of the small temple at Bigeh are on the eastern side of the island, opposite the location of the original Philae.

Once every ten days (ten days is one week according to the ancient Egyptian calendar)and on annual festivals, the statue of Isis Great Lady of Philae was carried out of her temple at Philae to visit the tomb of her husband on Bigeh.

the tomb of osiris and above it the sacred tree and the kind spirit of osiris and behind it Isis with cow's head, one of its rare  forms   pours  milk on the tomb of Osiris to give him life back.at the same time refers to the annual flood again and send a second mission of course is the new flood and behind Isis we see the island Bigeh with its huge granite rocks  protected  by the vulture Nekhbet and the falcon god Horus.

 next to the tomb of Osiris we see hapy  protected by huge snake pouring the flood water into the river,  has Hadrian ordered that  365 Table s offering tables that r poured out milk and wine in honor of osiris